Blog of Roy Chan

這大半年的時間都很懶寫 blog, 一來忙 MSc, 二來也多花時間去整理 OSWikiHK。順帶提一提 Ubuntu/Kubuntu/Edubuntu/Xubuntu 7.10 (Gusty Gibbon) 的安裝手冊 (桌面和伺服器)早在個多月前已完成了。也有份教人由 Ubuntu 7.04 (Feisty)升級至 7.10 的文章。Fedora 8 (Werewolf)才完成了幾個星期 (LiveCD 倒時未正式動手)

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I have just upgrade my new N800 to OS2008 beta (Maemo 4.0). Most program run faster and more smooth in OS2008, including MicroB Browser and the PDF Viewer. Of course, you should aware that many application are not ported to OS2008 yet. (Compared that there is 191 apps in www.maemo.org for OS2007 but only 37 for OS2008 )

After upgraded to OS2008, I found that I can’t login as root as in OS2007. Different from the GNU/Linux embedded devices I used before, Maemo use a better security structure. It run most application in a common user “user” instead of “root” in other embedded platforms. Sudo is used to execute tasks needed system administrator right. And you will see many rules is defined in /etc/sudoers.

### Automatically added by update-sudoers start ###
user ALL = NOPASSWD: /etc/init.d/ke-recv start
user ALL = NOPASSWD: /etc/init.d/ke-recv stop
user ALL = NOPASSWD: /etc/init.d/alarmd start
user ALL = NOPASSWD: /etc/init.d/alarmd stop
user ALL = NOPASSWD: /etc/init.d/osso-hss start
user ALL = NOPASSWD: /etc/init.d/osso-hss stop
user ALL = NOPASSWD: /usr/bin/osso-product-info
user ALL = NOPASSWD: /bin/rm -f /tmp/.opi.tmp
### Automatically added by update-sudoers end ###

In OS2007, the root user was “protected” by a simple password “rootme”. It wouldn’t cause much problem until you install ssh server in it. The password of user “user” is locked. You can change it by “su” as root and change the password of user by “passwd user“. However, things changed in OS2008. They locked both the password of “root” and “user”. You can’t login root with “su” anymore.

It is said that you can use switch it to R&D mode or install a package becomeroot to get back your root again. I have no idea about R&D mode but found the becomeroot. Here is the procedure (Beware that the following step will introduce security risk to your tablet, make sure you know what you are doing and pick good passwords):

• Open the web browser (MicroB browser)
• Download the becomeroot package with the web browser, choose “Open” to install it.
• After that you can login the root by typing the following command in the XTerm:

  sudo gainroot

• Now you can change the password of “user” and “root” with “passwd user” and “passwd root“.

Warnning: Notice you again that the above action may allow people to take the control your tablet from wireless network. Choose good passwords for the both account.

• maemo.org - announcements: OS2008 beta release for Nokia N800 and Chinook development
• Internet Tablet Talk Forums: Where to grab becomeroot from?

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Let see my new Gadget!!! It’s not iPhone! Not EeePC! Not even the latest N810 but the previous version of Nokia GNU/Linux Internet Tablet N810 which released nearly a year. Wow!!!!!

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老方法，不過好像一直沒有記下來。

在 Notebook 啟動 Ubuntu 一般都會很慢。因為 Ubuntu 的圖像開機畫面令人看不到那裡出現問題。按 Alt-Ctrl-F8 就可以發現原兇。問題在於 Notebook 多會使用無線網絡，而開機時一般都還未連上無線網絡或插上網線。而和一般 GNU/Linux 一樣， Ubuntu 開機會自動啟動網絡。當 /etc/init.d/networking 未能找到網絡，自動需要等 timeout 才宣告啟動網絡失敗和繼續下一步。這一下 timeout 要浪廢十多二十秒的時間。

反正現時的網絡連接都交由 Network Manager 管理，我何大可以 rm /etc/rcS.d/S40networking 以取消開機自動啟動網絡，侍登入帳戶後， Network Manager 自動會動連幫我們連接網絡。

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